Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) IP Telephony
VoIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol) also referred to as IP Telephony, Internet Telephony and Broadband Telephony. It is a protocol which is used for the transmission of analog audio signals through the Internet or any other network where data is transmitted in the form of packets . Analog audio signals are same as the signals/voice which we hear on the telephone. VoIP converts analog audio signals into digital data packets. Then the digital data is compressed and broken down into small packets and carried over a network. Once they reach their destination, they are reassembled and converted from digital data back into analog signals so that the receiving node can hear the voice.
Using VoIP you can make free calls or decreased cost calls on the Internet using additional hardwares (eg :- mic.). There are several VoIP providers on the net and they have several calling plans. Paying a small amount to the VoIP providers you can make calls and get services like better sound quality, reduction of you phone bill, etc. For fast VoIP service a broadband connection is quite necessary.
There are two types of PSTN-to-VoIP services -
1. Direct inward dialing (DID) - DID will connect a caller directly to the VoIP user.
2. Access numbers - They require the caller to provide an extension number for the called VoIP user.
Several ways to place a call through VoIP :-
* ATA (Analog Telephone Adaptor) - Most common and an easy way to place a call. The ATA connects a standard phone to your computer/your Internet connection for use with VoIP. The ATA takes the analog signals from your phone and converts it into digital data for transmission over the Internet.
* IP Phones -- These specialized phones look just like normal phones with a handset and buttons. IP phones connect directly to your router and have all the hardware and software necessary right onboard to handle the IP call.
* Computer-to-Computer - The easiest way to place calls. You just need additional hardwares like microphones, speakers, sound card, earphone and a fast Internet Connection like broadband. You need not pay any fee except to your Internet Service Provider.
Certain Advantages/Benefits of VoIP -----
1. Low monthly fee leading to the reduction of monthly phone bills.
2. No Taxes.
3. Long Distance and International Calls are cheap.
4. Uses packet switching and time consumption is during data transfer.
5. Data compression during the transfer of digital data.
Certain Disadvantages of VoIP -----
1. VoIP will go down if home power goes down/cuts or the broadband internet connection goes down/is lost.
2. VoIP can be easily influenced/harmed by viruses or exploits or some other kind of hacking. Developers are working to counter-attack this problem.
